When was photovoltaic first used?

The earliest known use of the noun photovoltaic is in the 1970s. OED's earliest evidence for photovoltaic is from 1972, in Journal Engin. for Power. It is also recorded as an adjective from the 1900s. photovoltaic is formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: photovoltaic adj.

Can a tandem OPV capture solar light?

Tandem OPVs, i.e., those with multi-junction structures, have been demonstrated to effectively capture solar light, converting a rarely utilized part of the solar spectrum with the help of complementally-absorption polymers and thus exhibiting reduced energy loss 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.

What are organic optoelectronic devices?

Organic optoelectronic devices such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs) 1, 2, 3 and organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) 4, 5, 6 have attracted considerable attention due to exhibiting the advantages of large area, ultrathin, flexibility, transparency, and solution processability.

What is a review article in advanced optical materials?

Prof. Chen have published a Review Article in Advanced Optical Materials. This paper reviews the progress made in emerging photovoltaic devices, including dye‐sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, and perovskite solar cells, for specialty applications, such as low‐level‐lighting energy conversion and biomedical treatment.

What type of electrode is used in OPV unit?

Sputter-deposited transparent ITO was used as the cathode of the inverted OPV unit, whereas the abovementioned metal alloy (Ag-doped Al) electrode was used to enable the decoupling of electricity generation and light emitting functions.

How to fabricate an inverted OPV with a polymer-based bulk-heterojunction?

To fabricate an inverted OPV with a polymer-based bulk-heterojunction, a dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles (10 mg mL −1) in 2-ethoxyethanol was spin-coated onto a cleaned ITO substrate and annealed at 100 °C for 10 min to produce a 30-nm-thick layer.